glp 1 gip dual agonist weight loss GIPR/GLP-1R therapies for diabetes and loss—chemistry, physiology, and clinical applications GLP-1 Weight Loss Drugs: How

The majority of these therapies aim to replicate or inhibit the effects of various gut hormones such as GLP-1, GIP, amylin, and glucagon [27, 28]

The brain pathway may be more significant than the endocrine route for the physiological effects of GLP-1, especially regarding insulin release, but the endocrine route becomes more pronounced with bigger meals and more L-cell activation (Deacon 2019)

doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(94)90164-3

GLP-1 also delays gastric emptying, increases satiety, and reduces appetite

Evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies supports their antiinflammatory roles in the cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, and joints